solar energy on Earth
Of all the energy that reaches 50% is absorbed
Since: Clouds reflect
absorb 20% and 3%
6% air disperses and absorbs 16%
The surface reflects 4%
The energy coming not absorbed evenly because:
Earth is spherical rays are more likely the further away are Ecuador.
The rotation axis is tilted respect to the ecliptic ...
In the polar regions the albedo is very strong.
The sea is heated and cooled faster than the continent, producing winds, seasons and wind patterns.
The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope of Earth that helps regulate the temperature of the planet.
Composed of 78% N2 21% O2 and other gases.
The layers of the atmosphere act as a filter and transferred only with the central regions of the spectrum.
The temperature of the Earth's atmosphere varies with altitude. The relationship between altitude and temperature is different depending on the atmospheric layer considered:
Troposphere: 0 - 9 / 18 km, temperature decreases with altitude.
Stratosphere: 9 / 18 - 50 km, the temperature remains constant and then increase with altitude.
Mesosphere: 50 - 80/90 km, temperature decreases with altitude.
Thermosphere and Ionosphere: 80/90 - 600/800 km, temperature increases with altitude.
Exosphere: 600/800 - 2.000/10.000 km
The divisions between one layer and another are called the tropopause
,
stratopause,
thermopause mesopause.
troposphere is the layer of the atmosphere that is in contact with the surface of the Earth. Is about 17 km thick in Ecuador and it all weather phenomena occur that affect living things, such as wind, rain and hurricanes ... Concentra
most of the oxygen and water vapor. In particular the latter acts as a thermal regulator of the planet, without it, the temperature differences between day and night would be so great that we could not survive. It is vital for living beings.
The vertical temperature gradient GVT is defined as the gradient in which the air temperature change with height. The true gradient vertical air temperature is approximately 6 to 7 ° C per km (in the troposphere) but varies greatly depending on location and time of day ...
occurs in the troposphere and the greenhouse effect most of the weather change
called the greenhouse effect is the phenomenon whereby certain gases, which are components of the atmosphere, trapping energy emitted terrestrial soil and part of the same re-emit the Earth's surface. This phenomenon prevents much of the energy emitted by the Earth is broadcast directly into space, causing a continuous cooling of the earth's surface and prevent life.
The stratosphere
is the atmospheric layer that sits between the troposphere and mesosphere, extending from about 11 to about 50 km from the surface. The temperature increases gradually from -55 ° C until reaching the tropopause 0 ° C stratopause ...
vertical air movements are very weak, predominantly horizontal, so that air currents are superimposed in layers and layers of them is the ozone layer
The mesosphere layer with very low air density, but enough for the meteorites that come to Earth to swell to form shooting stars. Ionosphere and thermosphere
extends to 600km, the temperature rises to 1000 ยบ C due to absorption of shortwave radiation (X rays and gamma) leading to Earth's magnetic field from the ionosphere negatively charged and the surface positively charged
Northern Lights
The aurora is a glow that appears in the sky night, usually in the polar regions, where a solar mass ejection collides with the north and south poles of Earth's magnetosphere, producing a diffuse but predominantly light projected onto the terrestrial ionosphere ...
occur when charged particles (protons and electrons), are guided by the Earth's magnetic field and affect the atmosphere near the poles. When these particles collide with atoms and molecules of oxygen and nitrogen, which are the most abundant components of air, part of the energy of the collision excites these atoms to energy levels such that when you energize return that energy as visible light .
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